No peptide has a published human trial showing it heals a torn tendon, a ruptured ligament, a fracture, or a brain injury. BPC-157 (a lab-made 15-amino-acid chain based on a protein in stomach juice) improved healing in rats with a cut Achilles tendon and a cut knee ligament, and TB-500 (a synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4, a cell-movement protein) outperformed it in the only head-to-head rat study, where combining the two added nothing. Neither is FDA-approved. The FDA removed both from its Category 2 do-not-compound list in April 2026 and an advisory committee voted on 23 July 2026 to recommend adding them to the 503A Bulks List, but nothing has been added and rulemaking has to follow, so as of August 2026 there is no approved use and no settled compounding route; both are banned in tested sport at all times. The intervention with human evidence is graded rehabilitation loading: 15 of 15 runners with chronic Achilles tendinosis returned to full running after 12 weeks of heavy eccentric calf training in a small non-randomized study, and a randomized trial in 58 patients later found heavy loading effective.
Peptides commonly discussed for injury recovery
Safety: Nothing here is medical advice, and none of these compounds is FDA-approved for injury of any kind. Acute structural injury needs a diagnosis first: a suspected fracture, a complete tendon or ligament rupture, a spinal injury, or any head injury with worsening headache, repeated vomiting, unequal pupils, a seizure, slurred speech, one-sided weakness, or deepening confusion is an emergency, not a research project. Research-grade peptides carry unmeasured risks in humans, including injection-site infection (spreading redness, heat, streaking, pus, or fever needs same-day care) and unknown long-term effects. No carcinogenicity study exists for BPC-157 or TB-500, and the pro-migratory, pro-angiogenic mechanisms they are sold on are the same mechanisms implicated in tumour growth and spread, so anyone with active cancer, a recent cancer history, or an undiagnosed lump or unexplained weight loss should not use either compound without oncology input. Never stop or change a prescribed medicine, including anti-inflammatories or blood thinners, because of a web page. Discuss anything you are considering with the clinician managing your recovery, and tell your surgeon before adding anything after an operation. Regulatory status on this page was checked on 10 August 2026 and is changing; verify the current FDA position before relying on it.
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Where to get peptides for injury recovery
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No peptide has been shown to heal a torn tendon, a ruptured ligament, or a broken bone in a published human trial. The healing evidence behind BPC-157 (a lab-made 15-amino-acid chain copied from a protein found in stomach juice) and TB-500 (a synthetic piece of thymosin beta-4, the protein that shuffles the internal scaffolding of moving cells) comes from rats, mice, and rabbits, much of it from one laboratory group in Zagreb 12. The research is real; it is also still a hypothesis, and you would be the experiment. And buried inside those animal studies is a detail almost everyone misses: every rat kept walking on the injured leg, and the walking may be the part that worked.
Link · US Food and Drug AdministrationFDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee, 23 to 24 July 2026The meeting materials and briefing documents behind the BPC-157 and TB-500 votes, including the FDA review that proposed adding neither substance to the 503A Bulks List.fda.govWhat this page covers, and where to go instead
This page is about acute structural damage: a tendon or ligament that tore, a bone that broke, a joint that was operated on, a head that took an impact. Those injuries have their own literature, and it looks different from the general healing literature.
- Ranking healing compounds against each other: best peptides for healing.
- Training soreness, heavy-session recovery, and muscle repair between workouts: best peptides for muscle recovery.
- Chronic tendon pain that built up over months rather than tearing in one moment: peptides for tendonitis and peptides for joint pain.
How strong is the evidence after a tendon or ligament tear?
The tendon study everyone cites is Staresinic 2003. Researchers cut the right Achilles tendon of rats fully through, 5 mm above where it attaches to the heel bone, then gave BPC-157 into the belly cavity once daily at 10 micrograms, 10 nanograms, or 10 picograms per kilogram of body weight, starting 30 minutes after surgery. Measured at days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14, treated tendons took more load before failing, had better collagen organisation, and the animals walked more normally 1.
The ligament study is Cerovecki 2010. Researchers cut through the medial collateral ligament of the knee (the band on the inner side of the knee) in rats and followed the animals for 90 days. BPC-157 worked at 10 micrograms or 10 nanograms per kilogram into the belly cavity, in drinking water at 0.16 micrograms per millilitre, and as a thin cream on the skin over the injury, with better function, better mechanical strength, and better tissue organisation than untreated animals 2.
Three things sit on top of those results. The injuries were clean surgical cuts, which heal differently from a hamstring that tore mid-sprint or a ligament that stretched and frayed. The route was intraperitoneal, an injection into the belly cavity that nobody uses in people. And independent replication is thin: most of this work comes from the same Zagreb pharmacology group that first described BPC-157, and in the one non-Zagreb Achilles study on this page, BPC-157's mechanical gain was not statistically significant 3.
BPC-157 versus TB-500 in the only published head-to-head
Combined BPC-157 and TB-500 treatment did not confer additional benefits compared to either agent alone.Biçer O, Adanir O, et al., Joint Diseases and Related Surgery, 2026Link · World Anti-Doping AgencyWADA Prohibited List: S0 non-approved substances and growth factor modulatorsThe current list in force, where BPC-157 appears as an example of a non-approved substance and thymosin-beta-4 derivatives such as TB-500 are prohibited at all times.wada-ama.org
Do peptides help a rotator cuff injury?
Almost nothing has been published. The only rotator cuff data on either compound is a 2014 conference abstract from the Zagreb group: 48 rats had the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons detached, then received BPC-157 at 10 micrograms per kilogram into the belly cavity or saline, and were assessed out to 12 weeks, with the treated animals reported as recovering function 12. It never became a peer-reviewed full paper, so it has never been through peer review, it has no independent replication, and no human study exists. Every rotator cuff protocol circulating online is still an extrapolation, mostly from rat Achilles work, across a different tendon, a different injury mechanism, a different blood supply, and a different species.
The tendon-to-bone study is worth reading on its own terms. Krivic 2006 detached the rat Achilles from the calcaneus and reported improved tendon-to-bone healing on BPC-157 at 10 micrograms to 10 picograms per kilogram daily. In the same experiment, methylprednisolone (a corticosteroid, the drug class behind a cortisone shot) consistently made healing worse, and BPC-157 reduced that corticosteroid damage 4. The BPC-157 page states the evidence tier plainly: "Animal-only: consistent rodent results across several injury models, and zero human trials in any injury indication." Depth on the other compound sits on TB-500.
What happens if you start a peptide right after surgery?
Nobody has measured it. We found no post-surgical trial of BPC-157 or TB-500 in humans, so there is no evidence on wound healing, infection rates, scar quality, or rehab timelines after a rotator cuff repair, an ACL reconstruction, or an Achilles repair.
The mechanistic worry runs in the opposite direction from the marketing. BPC-157 is proposed to work by growing new blood vessels into damaged tissue, and thymosin beta-4 by driving cells to migrate. A fresh surgical wound has to seal first, and the same pro-angiogenic, pro-migratory biology is the biology implicated in tumour growth and spread. Both are reasons for caution in the first days after an operation, not dosing rules, because the experiments that would settle them have not been run.
Will a peptide speed up a fracture?
The entire bone case for BPC-157 rests on one rabbit study from 1999, and it has never been repeated. Researchers cut a 0.8 cm segmental gap in the left radius, a defect that stayed unhealed in every control rabbit through 6 weeks, and gave BPC-157 at 10 micrograms per kilogram directly into the defect, or into muscle on a schedule, comparing it against implanted bone marrow and against a graft of the rabbit's own dense outer bone 7. Bone formation improved. That is one rabbit study on a surgically created gap, not a broken wrist in a person.
Human fracture healing is dominated by things a peptide does not touch: how well the bone ends are aligned, whether fixation holds them there, blood supply at the break, age, smoking, protein and vitamin D status, and the biological clock of bone remodelling, which runs in months. A displaced or angulated fracture needs an orthopaedic assessment on day one.
What peptide research shows for concussion and TBI
The peptide evidence in traumatic brain injury (TBI, damage to the brain from an external force) is a mouse study. Tudor 2010 dropped a weight on the heads of mice and gave BPC-157 at 10 micrograms or 10 nanograms per kilogram into the belly cavity. Treated animals had less bleeding under the brain surface and inside the ventricles, less brain swelling, and a better conscious versus unconscious versus dead ratio across graded impacts of 0.068 to 0.159 newton-seconds of impulse, tracked over 24 hours 8.
Read the timing before you read the result. Much of that study dosed the mice 30 minutes before the impact, or immediately before it, which is not a schedule anyone can reproduce after a real collision. The follow-up window was a single day, so it says nothing about symptoms that persist for months.
Concussion symptoms that outlast the usual two-week window are common enough to have a name, post-concussion syndrome, and the care with evidence behind it is clinical: an early assessment, a short period of relative rest, then graded return to activity kept below the level that provokes symptoms, supervised by someone who treats head injuries. That pathway is free, and skipping it to chase a compound with mouse data is the expensive mistake.
Link · US Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCDC HEADS UP: concussion signs, symptoms, and return to activityThe public guidance clinicians work from, including when to seek emergency care and how graded return to school, work, and sport is structured.cdc.govPeptides for spinal cord injury: what one rat study found
Perovic 2019 is the study behind the search results. Rats had a laminectomy (surgery that removes the small bony roof over the spinal cord) at L2 to L3 and a 60-second compression of the exposed cord, then a single injection of BPC-157 at 200 or 2 micrograms per kilogram, given 10 minutes after the injury. Assessments ran at 1, 4, 7, 15, 30, 90, 180, and 360 days: treated animals recovered tail motor function, spasticity resolved by day 15, and the microscopic picture showed less axon loss and less cyst formation 9.
A single injection 10 minutes after a controlled compression in a rat is a different world from a human spinal cord injury, where the first hours belong to imaging, blood-pressure management, and often surgery, and the following year belongs to rehabilitation. Nothing here justifies delaying any of that.
The research protocols, with the numbers
Scope note: we searched PubMed and Embase to 10 August 2026. Where this page says no study exists, it means none was indexed at that date, and the rotator cuff line is a reminder that conference abstracts can sit outside the usual indexes.
| Study, species, model | Compound and dose | Route | Time before measurement | What was reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Staresinic 2003, rat, Achilles cut through | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg, 10 ng/kg or 10 pg/kg daily | Intraperitoneal (into the belly cavity) | Days 1 to 14 | Higher load to failure, better collagen, better walking score 1 |
| Cerovecki 2010, rat, knee ligament cut through | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg or 10 ng/kg daily; 0.16 mcg/mL in drinking water; topical cream | Intraperitoneal, oral, topical | 90 days | Better function, mechanics, and tissue organisation 2 |
| Krivic 2006, rat, Achilles detached from heel bone | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg to 10 pg/kg daily, alone or with methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg | Intraperitoneal | Days 1 to 21 | Tendon-to-bone healing improved; corticosteroid worsened healing, BPC-157 reduced that damage 4 |
| Sikiric 2014, 48 rats, rotator cuff detachment (conference abstract only) | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg versus saline | Intraperitoneal | 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks | Functional recovery and tendon healing reported; never peer reviewed as a full paper 12 |
| Biçer 2026, 32 rats, Achilles cut and repaired | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg/day; TB-500 60 mcg/kg/day; both together | Intraperitoneal | 4 weeks | TB-500 alone significant on load to failure; combining added nothing 3 |
| Sebecic 1999, rabbit, 0.8 cm gap in the radius | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg (into the defect or into muscle), also 10 ng/kg | Local and intramuscular | 6 weeks, checked every 2 | Bone formed where control defects stayed unhealed 7 |
| Tudor 2010, mouse, weight-drop head injury | BPC-157 10 mcg/kg or 10 ng/kg | Intraperitoneal | 24 hours | Less brain bleeding and swelling, better survival ratio 8 |
| Perovic 2019, rat, spinal cord compression | BPC-157 200 or 2 mcg/kg, one injection | Intraperitoneal, 10 minutes after injury | 1 to 360 days | Tail motor function returned, spasticity resolved by day 15 9 |
Notice what the dose column does not contain. Every animal protocol is scaled per kilogram of body weight and delivered into the belly cavity. As the BPC-157 dosage guide traces it: "No published study in any species used the 250 to 500 mcg daily subcutaneous dose that vendors and forums quote; that number was back-filled from vial sizes, not from data." How long each compound stays in circulation sits in TB-500 and BPC-157 half-life.
How thymosin beta-4 is supposed to move repair cells
The actin mechanism behind TB-500
Ibuprofen, cortisone, and the interaction nobody has measured
Anti-inflammatory drugs work by blocking cyclooxygenase, which cuts prostaglandin production. Su and O'Connor reviewed what that does to healing in bone, tendon, and the tendon-to-bone junction and found measurable impairment across animal and cell models, while noting that human studies on the question are few 6. That is a reason to ask the doctor treating you how long you should stay on a painkiller after a structural injury, and it is not a reason to change a prescription on your own. If lingering inflammation rather than a fresh tear is your real problem, that evidence lives on peptides for inflammation.
Corticosteroids have a sharper finding attached. In the rat tendon-to-bone model, methylprednisolone consistently made healing worse, and BPC-157 given alongside it reduced that damage 4. Read that as a rat result about a corticosteroid, since no study in any species has measured what happens when a person takes an anti-inflammatory drug and a peptide together.
Where genetics fits
Genetics has real evidence in injury, and it is about susceptibility rather than response. Mokone and colleagues genotyped 111 people with Achilles tendon pathology against 129 controls. The COL5A1 BstUI A2 allele turned up in 29.8 percent of controls and 18.0 percent of cases, an odds ratio of 1.9 (95 percent CI 1.3 to 3.0, p = 0.004) across the whole group, rising to 2.6 (95 percent CI 1.5 to 4.5) in the 72 people with chronic Achilles tendinopathy, meaning tendon that has degenerated and hurts under load without a full tear 10. COL5A1 encodes one chain of type V collagen, a protein that helps set how thick and orderly collagen fibres are.
No trial of BPC-157, TB-500, or GHK-Cu, in any species, has split its results by genotype. Nobody can tell you your DNA predicts your response to these compounds, and anyone who does is selling ahead of the data. What a connective-tissue genotype supports is a slower, more patient return to load if your markers run toward the fragile end, plus realistic expectations about re-injury. The framework we use for deciding which markers are worth acting on walks through which peptides your DNA can and cannot tell you about.
The only human comparison here is a loading protocol
Alfredson 1998 followed 15 recreational athletes, mean age 44, with chronic Achilles tendinosis (a degenerated, painful tendon without a tear) that had not responded to conventional care. Twelve weeks of heavy-load eccentric calf training, where the athlete rises on the toes and then lowers the heel slowly under load, returned all 15 to their pre-injury running level, with significantly less pain and calf strength back to match the uninjured side. The comparison group of 15 with the same diagnosis, treated with rest, anti-inflammatories, shoe changes, and physical therapy, all ended up in surgery 5. Hold that result at its real weight: this was a prospective non-randomized comparison, 15 patients per group, unblinded, and the comparison group was defined by having already failed conventional care. It is a small study, not a trial.
After the 12-week training period, all 15 patients were back at their preinjury levels with full running activity. In no case was the conventional treatment successful, and all patients were ultimately treated surgically.Alfredson H, Pietilä T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R, American Journal of Sports Medicine, 1998
The loading finding has since been tested properly. Beyer and colleagues randomised 58 patients with chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy to eccentric training or heavy slow resistance training for 12 weeks and found both produced positive, equally good, lasting clinical results 13. Progressive loading is the part of this page with randomized human evidence behind it.
Now look back at the animal studies with that in mind. The rats kept walking on the injured leg; the Achilles functional index that Staresinic and Krivic report is a measurement of the animal's footprints 14. The mechanical signal was never taken away, because you cannot ask a rat to rest. Collagen lines up along the direction of load, so the treated animals had both the compound and the loading.
Every animal in the peptide injury literature kept using the limb. Most people who buy the compound skip the part the animals could not skip.
That sets the order of operations. Get the injury diagnosed and graded. Do the rehabilitation, under supervision, with progressive load. Treat any compound as an unproven addition on top of that, discussed with the clinician running your recovery.
Cost, storage, and sterility
Neither compound is on the 503A Bulks List, so there is no settled compounding pharmacy route for either one, and what people buy is research-grade powder labelled not for human use. Price is rarely the constraint. Identity and sterility are: you are relying on a vendor's third-party certificate of analysis to know what is in the vial and how pure it is, and there is no regulator checking that claim.
The handling basics are the same across research peptides. The freeze-dried powder is kept cold and out of light, it is mixed with bacteriostatic water before use, and the mixed solution goes in the fridge with a limited working life. Mixing arithmetic sits in how to reconstitute peptides, and sterile technique in the peptide injection hygiene guide. Background on the research context, including what a not-for-human-use label means and why none of this handling information changes the regulatory status stated at the top of this page, is in peptides for beginners.
If you are comparing vendors, our vendor comparison page carries affiliate links and we earn a commission on purchases made through them. That page compares testing and sourcing practices; it does not make any compound approved, legal, or proven.
Questions worth taking to your appointment
- What exactly is torn, and how badlyAsk for the grade, and whether imaging changes the plan. A partial tear, a complete rupture, and tendon degeneration without a tear are three different problems with three different timelines.
- What is my loading schedule, week by weekAsk when you progress load and what signals mean you went too fast. This is the part with randomized human evidence behind it [[13]].
- How long should I stay on the anti-inflammatoryRaise the animal evidence that anti-inflammatory drugs impair tendon and bone healing [[6]] and let the prescriber weigh it against your pain control.
- I am considering an investigational compoundSay the name, the route, and where it came from. A clinician can only account for interactions and infection risk if they know.
See how your own connective-tissue and inflammation markers read before you plan a recovery. Upload the raw DNA data you already have and see all 39 peptides sorted by evidence tier, alongside the susceptibility markers your file can actually call, including the many where genetics says nothing yet. This does not predict how you respond to any compound, because no study has ever measured that.
Get your DNA report- The animal studies never removed the loading
The strongest human result on this page used no compound at all: 15 of 15 runners with chronic Achilles tendinosis returned to running after 12 weeks of heavy eccentric calf work, and a later randomized trial in 58 patients confirmed that heavy loading works. Every rat in the BPC-157 tendon and ligament studies kept loading the injured limb, because you cannot ask a rat to rest, so the compound was only ever tested on top of continued mechanical load. The peptide injury literature is, by accident, a literature about controlled reloading.
- The dose people use has no study behind it
Every animal protocol dosed per kilogram of body weight into the belly cavity, at 10 micrograms per kilogram or lower. The 250 to 500 micrograms a day subcutaneous figure that circulates online is not derived from any published study in any species.
- Stacking BPC-157 with TB-500 has been tested once and showed nothing
In the one published head-to-head, 32 rats with a repaired Achilles transection, TB-500 alone was the only arm with a significant gain in load to failure, and combining the two compounds conferred no additional benefit over either alone. With 8 rats per arm the study could not have detected a modest additive effect, so this is one null result, not proof that stacking does nothing.
Frequently asked questions
Is BPC-157 FDA-approved or legal in the US?
BPC-157 is not FDA-approved for any condition, and neither is TB-500. Both sat in Category 2 of the FDA's interim 503A bulk drug substances list, BPC-157 from September 2023, over concerns including immunogenicity risk for certain routes of administration and the difficulty of characterizing the peptide and its impurities. In April 2026 the FDA removed both, with ten other peptides, from Category 2, which lifted the explicit do-not-compound bar without adding either substance to the 503A Bulks List. On 23 July 2026 the FDA's Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee voted 8 to 6 to recommend adding BPC-157, and voted in favour of TB-500 too, against the FDA's own briefing document, which proposed adding neither. Those votes are non-binding and rulemaking has to follow, so as of 10 August 2026 neither compound has an approved use or a settled compounding route, and what circulates is research-grade material labelled not for human use, sold without regulatory oversight of purity or sterility. Possession itself is not the issue in the US. What is missing is any approved medical use and any manufacturing standard. There is some human data: BPC-157 was developed as PL 14736 and went through a phase 1 safety and pharmacokinetics study in healthy volunteers and a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 enema trial in ulcerative colitis [[14]]. Those results were never published as a standalone clinical paper, the FDA judged the effectiveness evidence insufficient in its 2026 review, and no human trial of any injury indication has ever been run. Both compounds are also prohibited in tested sport at all times.
What dose did the BPC-157 injury studies use?
The rat tendon, ligament, and tendon-to-bone studies used 10 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day, and often tested 10 nanograms and 10 picograms per kilogram as well, delivered into the belly cavity starting 30 minutes after the injury [[1]][[2]][[4]]. The rat spinal cord study used a single injection of 200 or 2 micrograms per kilogram [[9]]. None of that maps onto the subcutaneous microgram figures quoted on forums; where those numbers came from is traced in the [BPC-157 dosage guide](/learn/bpc-157-dosage-guide). These are reported research protocols, not instructions, and no human dose has ever been established for any injury.
Are there peptide studies for a rotator cuff injury?
Only one, and it never got past a conference abstract. A 2014 FASEB abstract from the Zagreb group reported 48 rats with the supraspinatus and infraspinatus detached, treated with BPC-157 at 10 micrograms per kilogram into the belly cavity or saline and assessed to 12 weeks, with functional recovery in the treated animals [[12]]. It was never published as a peer-reviewed full paper and has never been replicated, and no human study exists. The rest of the tendon evidence is rat Achilles, either cut through mid-substance [[1]] or detached from the heel bone [[4]], which differ from a rotator cuff tear in tendon type, blood supply, load pattern, and species. Post-operative care after a rotator cuff repair follows the surgeon's staged loading schedule, and that schedule is the part with evidence behind it.
How long did the injury studies run before healing was measured?
Most of these studies ran two to six weeks. The rat Achilles transection study measured at days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 [[1]]. The head-to-head rat comparison of BPC-157 and TB-500 ran four weeks [[3]]. The rabbit bone defect study checked every two weeks to week six [[7]]. The mouse brain injury study followed animals for 24 hours [[8]]. Only three ran long: the rat ligament study at 90 days [[2]], the rotator cuff abstract to 12 weeks [[12]], and the rat spinal cord study out to 360 days [[9]]. Human collagen remodelling continues for months after symptoms settle, which is why feeling better at week four says nothing about structural strength.
Sources14
- Staresinic M, Sebecic B, Patrlj L, et al. Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth. J Orthop Res. 2003;21(6):976-983.
- Cerovecki T, Bojanic I, Brcic L, et al. Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (PL 14736) improves ligament healing in the rat. J Orthop Res. 2010;28(9):1155-1161.
- Biçer O, Adanir O, Güleryüz Y, et al. Effects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: a histopathological and biomechanical study. Jt Dis Relat Surg. 2026;37(3):822-837.
- Krivic A, Anic T, Seiwerth S, Huljev D, Sikiric P. Achilles detachment in rat and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157: promoted tendon-to-bone healing and opposed corticosteroid aggravation. J Orthop Res. 2006;24(5):982-989.
- Alfredson H, Pietilä T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R. Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(3):360-366.
- Su B, O'Connor JP. NSAID therapy effects on healing of bone, tendon, and the enthesis. J Appl Physiol. 2013;115(6):892-899.
- Sebecić B, Nikolić V, Sikirić P, et al. Osteogenic effect of a gastric pentadecapeptide, BPC-157, on the healing of segmental bone defect in rabbits. Bone. 1999;24(3):195-202.
- Tudor M, Jandric I, Marovic A, et al. Traumatic brain injury in mice and pentadecapeptide BPC 157 effect. Regul Pept. 2010;160(1-3):26-32.
- Perovic D, Kolenc D, Bilic V, et al. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 can improve the healing course of spinal cord injury and lead to functional recovery in rats. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14(1):199.
- Mokone GG, Schwellnus MP, Noakes TD, Collins M. The COL5A1 gene and Achilles tendon pathology. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006;16(1):19-26.
- Bock-Marquette I, Saxena A, White MD, Dimaio JM, Srivastava D. Thymosin beta4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival and cardiac repair. Nature. 2004;432(7016):466-472.
- Sikiric P, Buljan M, Seiwerth S, et al. Effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on rotator cuff tear injury in rat (844.9). FASEB J. 2014;28(1_supplement):844.9. Conference abstract, not published as a peer-reviewed full paper.
- Beyer R, Kongsgaard M, Hougs Kjær B, Øhlenschlæger T, Kjær M, Magnusson SP. Heavy slow resistance versus eccentric training as treatment for Achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2015;43(7):1704-1711.
- Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Brcic L, et al. Focus on ulcerative colitis: stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(1):126-132.
This article is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not medical advice and does not diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any peptide protocol. Individual results vary. Some outbound links are affiliate links, at no extra cost to you.
This page is educational and is not medical advice. Peptides are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease, and most are not FDA-approved. Talk to a qualified healthcare provider before starting anything. Availability and legal status of peptides vary by jurisdiction.
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