Every peptide we analyze.
One reference.

Tirzepatide (GIP/GLP-1 Dual Receptor Agonist)

A weekly injection for weight loss and type 2 diabetes, sold as Zepbound and Mounjaro. It copies two of the gut hormones that tell your brain you have eaten enough, where most drugs in this class copy one. That second signal is why it beat semaglutide when the two were compared directly: about 20% of body weight against 13.7% over 72 weeks.

Semaglutide (GLP-1 Receptor Agonist)

A weekly injection sold as Ozempic for diabetes and Wegovy for weight loss. It is a rebuilt copy of a hormone your gut releases after eating, the one that tells your brain you are full, engineered to last a week instead of minutes. It is also the only weight-loss drug shown to cut heart attacks and strokes rather than just weight.

Body Protection Compound 157

BPC-157 is the peptide people reach for when something will not heal. Tendons, ligaments, a gut that has been irritated by painkillers, an injury that has stalled. It is a short chain of amino acids copied from part of a protein your stomach already makes, and the animal research on it is unusually consistent for this category: across a lot of separate rat studies, injured tissue healed faster than it did without it. The gap is that this has largely not been repeated in people, and it is not an approved medicine, so nobody is checking what is in the vial you buy.

Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex

A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide, studied mainly for wound healing and skin. It carries copper into tissue, where copper is the cofactor the enzyme that cross-links collagen cannot work without. Most of the evidence is topical or in rats; the widely quoted gene-expression claims rest on far less than they appear to.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

A molecule every cell spends constantly to turn food into energy, and that your DNA repair enzymes spend too. Levels fall with age, which is the whole reason anyone sells it. The catch is delivery: NAD+ itself does not cross into cells easily, so almost every trial tested smaller building blocks you swallow (NMN and NR) rather than the drip clinics sell.

Sermorelin (GHRH 1-29)

A short copy of the message your brain sends telling the pituitary to release growth hormone. Because it works one step upstream, your body's own brake still applies and it can still say no, which is the safety argument for the whole class. It was an approved medicine, withdrawn for commercial reasons rather than safety, which is why it is still legal to compound when most peptides are not.

VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide)

A hormone you already make, working in your gut, lungs and nerves, where it widens blood vessels and tells inflammation to settle down. As a hospital drug it is called aviptadil and has been properly trialled for severe lung failure. The nasal spray sold online for mould illness is the same molecule used a completely different way, with no controlled trial behind it.

CJC-1295 (Modified GRF 1-29)

A copy of the brain signal that tells the pituitary to release growth hormone, rewritten so the enzyme that normally destroys it in minutes cannot. Before you read any dose, check which version you have: with DAC it keeps growth hormone up for days, without DAC it produces a short pulse, and nearly every blend sold with ipamorelin contains the second one.

Ipamorelin Acetate

Presses the same switch your stomach uses to say it is empty, the one that also triggers a growth hormone release, but largely without the hunger. Its selling point is what it does not do: older peptides in its family also pushed up cortisol and prolactin, and this one mostly stops at growth hormone. It is almost always sold blended with CJC-1295.

Retatrutide

Retatrutide is a weekly injection being tested for weight loss. Most drugs in this family copy one or two of your gut hormones to blunt appetite. Retatrutide copies three, and the third one also nudges up the energy you burn while resting, so weight comes off through burning a little more as well as eating a little less. In its main trial people lost an average of 24.2% of their body weight in 48 weeks, and the weight was still dropping when the trial ended. It is still being tested and is not approved anywhere.

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1

The primary anabolic mediator of growth hormone. Most of GH's effects on muscle, tissue repair and growth are actually carried out by IGF-1, produced mainly in the liver. Native IGF-1 is short-acting and tightly regulated by binding proteins — making the IGF axis one of the most genetically variable in the body.

Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-c

A peptide written not in your own genome but in the tiny separate one your mitochondria carry, a leftover from when they were free-living bacteria. It behaves like an exercise signal: it switches on the same fuel-burning pathway a hard workout does. Levels fall with age, which is why it turns up in longevity conversations, and essentially all of the good data is in mice.

PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

An injection taken before sex, approved as Vyleesi for low sexual desire in premenopausal women. Viagra and its relatives work on blood flow; this works on wanting, acting on the part of the brain that sets drives like hunger and arousal. That is why it can help where the plumbing was never the problem.

TB-500

TB-500 is a short seven-amino-acid fragment copied from the middle of a much larger protein your body makes called thymosin beta-4. That protein is 43 amino acids long and helps cells travel to the site of an injury; TB-500 is the small piece of it thought to do that job. Worth knowing before you buy: some suppliers sell the whole 43-amino-acid protein under the same TB-500 name, and the two are different molecules with different weights, so an identical label on two vials can mean quite different things.

Cagrilintide (Long-acting Amylin Analog)

A long-acting copy of amylin, a fullness hormone your pancreas releases alongside insulin that works through a completely different route from the GLP-1 drugs. It is mostly discussed as half of CagriSema, where it is paired with semaglutide so that two separate fullness signals are pushed at once.

KPV (Lys-Pro-Val)

A three-amino-acid fragment snipped off the end of a hormone your body already makes. Almost every page describes it as switching on a melanocortin receptor; the research fairly clearly says it does not. What it appears to do instead is more interesting, and it is why nearly all the good data is about the gut rather than skin.

Advanced Obesity Drug 9604 (hGH Fragment 177-191)

AOD-9604 is a fragment cut out of growth hormone, specifically the piece thought to handle fat burning, with the rest of the molecule left behind. The idea was elegant: get the fat-loss effect without the blood-sugar and growth effects of the whole hormone. It is also one of the very few peptides in this space that was put through a proper randomised human trial, which is the part vendors do not mention, because it did not beat the placebo. Development stopped there.

Selank (Tuftsin Analog with Pro-Gly-Pro)

A Russian-developed anxiety peptide built from a fragment of a natural immune molecule, with a short tail added so it survives longer than a few minutes. It is one of very few compounds here with human trials, including a head-to-head against a benzodiazepine, though nearly all of that work was done in Russia and published in Russian.

SS-31 (Elamipretide / Bendavia / MTP-131)

A peptide that goes to one specific place: the inner membrane of your mitochondria, where it binds a fat called cardiolipin. It is the rare compound here that is a genuine pharmaceutical, tested in real trials, and its honest record includes a large trial that failed. Also known as elamipretide.

Long R3 Insulin-like Growth Factor-1

A modified version of IGF-1, the growth factor that does most of the actual tissue-building work after growth hormone gives the order. The modification stops it being caught by the proteins that normally hold IGF-1 in check, so far more of it stays active for far longer. That is the selling point and the safety problem in the same sentence.

Cerebrolysin (Neuropeptide Preparation)

A mixture of low-molecular-weight neuropeptides and amino acids derived from pig brain, designed to mimic the action of the body's own neurotrophic factors. It has the strongest human clinical evidence of any compound in the cognitive cluster — but for a specific use: acute neuro-injury and dementia, not general cognitive enhancement. Approved across Russia, Europe and Asia for stroke and dementia; not FDA-approved.

Dihexa (N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide)

An angiotensin-IV-derived peptide built to powerfully promote synapse formation by activating the HGF/c-Met system. The marketing claims are dramatic — orders of magnitude more potent than BDNF at building synapses — but the honest position is that those numbers are from lab models, not humans: dihexa has essentially no human clinical data. Experimental, not approved.

DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide)

A nine-amino-acid neuropeptide first isolated for its ability to promote delta-wave (deep) sleep. It's used by people chasing better slow-wave sleep and stress resilience. The honest, gene-aware take: DSIP's deep-sleep advantage is tied to specific adenosine-pathway genetics, so whether it's likely to help *you* depends heavily on your own sleep-architecture genes — for many, it's simply not indicated.

Glucagon-Like Peptide-2

GLP-2 is the signal your own gut uses to repair and rebuild its lining, released every time you eat. The drug version, teduglutide, is one of the few compounds in this whole library that is a fully approved medicine rather than a research chemical. It is prescribed for people who have lost much of their small intestine and cannot absorb enough food to live on, and for them it can be the difference between eating normally and being fed through a drip. It is not a supplement for a bloated stomach.

Oxytocin (The Bonding Hormone)

The body's bonding and trust hormone — FDA-approved as Pitocin for labor, and used off-label intranasally for social connection, anxiety and intimacy. Oxytocin acts in the brain to lower social-threat responses and deepen feelings of trust and closeness. Crucially, response is strongly gene-stratified: your OXTR receptor genotype sets how much you actually feel it.

Semax (ACTH 4-10 Analog with Pro-Gly-Pro)

A synthetic heptapeptide derived from ACTH (4-10) with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide extension for stability. Developed in Russia and approved there for stroke recovery and cognitive enhancement. Semax upregulates BDNF, modulates the melanocortin system, and supports neuroplasticity without stimulant-like side effects.

Thymosin Alpha-1 (Thymalfasin)

A 28-amino-acid peptide naturally produced by the thymus gland. Thymosin Alpha-1 is one of the most clinically validated peptides in existence — approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis B/C and as an immune adjuvant. It enhances T-cell maturation, dendritic cell function, and bridges innate and adaptive immunity.

Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly)

A synthetic tetrapeptide based on the natural pineal gland peptide epithalamin. Epithalon activates telomerase, the enzyme that maintains telomere length, potentially slowing cellular aging. Discovered by Professor Vladimir Khavinson, it remains one of the most studied anti-aging peptides in gerontology.

Gonadorelin (GnRH)

A synthetic form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) that directly stimulates the pituitary to release LH and FSH. Because it acts one step below kisspeptin and is given in pulses, gonadorelin is widely used to maintain testicular function and fertility — restarting the downstream hormone cascade without replacing the hormones themselves.

Survodutide (GLP-1 / Glucagon Dual Agonist)

Most weight-loss drugs work on one thing: they make you less hungry. Survodutide does that, and then does something else as well. Alongside the appetite signal it borrows a hormone called glucagon, which tells your body to burn through its own fuel, and which acts directly on the liver. That second half is why this one is being watched by people who care about fatty liver rather than just the number on the scale. In its main trial people were down around 19% after 46 weeks, which puts it in the same bracket as the best drugs already on the market. It is still in testing, so there is no way to get it yet.

Bimagrumab (Anti-ActRII Monoclonal Antibody)

Every other drug on this list makes you eat less. Bimagrumab does something different: it takes the brakes off muscle. Your body runs a signal that stops muscle growing past a point, and this blocks it. The result in trials was unusual, people lost about a fifth of their body fat while actually gaining muscle, which is the opposite of what normally happens when you lose weight. It is given by drip in a clinic, not injected at home, and it is not approved.

CagriSema (Cagrilintide + Semaglutide)

CagriSema is what happens when you stop treating appetite as one signal. Semaglutide, the molecule behind Ozempic and Wegovy, works on one hunger pathway. Cagrilintide copies amylin, a different hormone your pancreas releases alongside insulin that tells your brain the meal is over. Put both in the same weekly injection and you are pulling two levers instead of one. In the Phase 3 trials that combination took people to roughly 20% of their body weight, more than semaglutide managed alone, though short of the 25% Novo Nordisk had aimed for. The catch is availability: it is under review and not approved, so unlike its two components there is currently no legitimate way to get it.

Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-2

A second-generation hexapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist that produces a larger growth hormone pulse than GHRP-6 with noticeably less appetite stimulation. GHRP-2 is the workhorse GH secretagogue — more potent than GHRP-6, cleaner on hunger, but still capable of a mild prolactin and cortisol bump at higher doses.

Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-6

A first-generation hexapeptide ghrelin-receptor agonist that drives a strong growth hormone pulse and a pronounced surge in appetite. GHRP-6 is the most ghrelin-like of the GH secretagogues, which makes it a favorite for hard-gainers and recovery — but also the one most likely to raise cortisol and prolactin at higher doses.

Kisspeptin-10 (Metastin fragment)

A signaling peptide that sits at the very top of the reproductive hormone axis. Kisspeptin-10 stimulates the hypothalamus to release GnRH, which in turn drives LH and FSH and ultimately testosterone or estrogen — making it a research tool for libido, fertility and hormonal signaling that works by amplifying your own production rather than replacing it.

LL-37 (Human Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide)

The body's own broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide — the active fragment of human cathelicidin (the CAMP gene), part of innate immune defense against bacteria, viruses and biofilms. Here's the key insight: your body makes LL-37 in a vitamin-D-dependent way, so for most people the smarter lever is correcting vitamin D to restore endogenous LL-37, rather than injecting an experimental exogenous version with thin safety data.

ARA-290 (Cibinetide)

An 11-amino-acid peptide derived from erythropoietin (EPO) that activates the innate repair receptor — the tissue-protective arm of EPO signaling — without raising red blood cell count. ARA-290 is studied mainly for neuropathic pain and inflammation, working by switching cells from an inflammatory state toward repair.

Follistatin-344 (FST-344)

A naturally occurring protein that binds and neutralizes myostatin and activin — the body's built-in limiters on muscle growth. By sequestering myostatin, Follistatin-344 removes a key brake on hypertrophy, which is why it's one of the most discussed (and still early-stage) research peptides for muscle and recovery.

Tesamorelin (GHRH Analog)

A stabilized growth-hormone-releasing-hormone (GHRH) analog and the only GH-axis peptide with an FDA approval (Egrifta, for visceral fat in HIV-associated lipodystrophy). It stimulates your own pulsatile GH release, which drives IGF-1 and preferential breakdown of visceral (deep belly) fat — backed by real randomized trial data on VAT reduction. Off-label use for visceral fat is common. WADA-banned in sport.

Adipotide (FTPP / Prohibitin-TP01)

An experimental peptide that takes a radically different approach to fat loss — instead of suppressing appetite, it targets the blood vessels that feed white fat tissue, triggering their controlled die-off so fat cells lose their supply. Striking in primate studies, but it never advanced in humans due to kidney-toxicity concerns, so it remains a research-only compound.

Melanotan II (MT-II)

A synthetic analog of alpha-MSH that activates the melanocortin receptors, driving skin pigmentation (tanning) through MC1R and sexual arousal and appetite suppression through MC4R. Its dual action — and a tendency to cause nausea and existing-mole darkening — makes individual response highly genotype-dependent.

Humanin (Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide)

A small peptide encoded inside mitochondrial DNA — one of the first 'mitochondrial-derived peptides' — that acts as a cytoprotective, metabolic and longevity signal. It's drawn attention because higher humanin levels track with longevity. The crucial genetic nuance: its marquee cognitive/longevity benefit is APOE4-dependent in the research, so the strongest published effect largely disappears in people who don't carry APOE4.

PEGylated Mechano Growth Factor

A pegylated form of Mechano Growth Factor — a splice variant of IGF-1 (IGF-1Ec) produced by muscle in response to mechanical overload and damage. MGF's job is to activate satellite cells and kick off repair locally; the PEGylation extends its otherwise very short half-life so the signal lasts long enough to act systemically.

MariTide (Maridebart Cafraglutide)

MariTide is Amgen's answer to a simple annoyance: nobody enjoys injecting themselves every week. It is built to last a month. To manage that, it is not really a peptide at all but an antibody with two small peptides attached, which is a much bigger, slower molecule that your body takes weeks to clear. In its Phase 2 trial people lost around 20% of their body weight on twelve injections a year. It is still in testing.

ACE-031 (Ramatercept)

A soluble decoy version of the activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB). ACE-031 acts as a trap — it circulates and binds myostatin and related growth-limiting ligands before they can reach muscle, removing the brake on growth. It reached human trials for muscular dystrophy but was discontinued over vascular safety signals, so it remains research-only.

Hexarelin (Examorelin)

A potent hexapeptide GH secretagogue closely related to the GHRP family, notable for one of the strongest acute GH releases of the group and a distinct action at the CD36 receptor that gives it documented cardioprotective effects. Hexarelin's potency comes with faster receptor desensitization, so it is typically cycled rather than run continuously.